Calendar of Events
M Mon
T Tue
W Wed
T Thu
F Fri
S Sat
S Sun
3 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Coffee With a Purpose
Coffee With a Purpose
Conversations that Matter. We welcome you to make this part of your week! We gather every Monday morning to hear from guest presenters on various themes of local, national, or ...
Yoga in the Sanctuary
Yoga in the Sanctuary
Yoga is a practice that brings together the mind and body. In fact, yoga means “to yoke” or unite. It is an ancient healing practice that is both physical and ...
2 events,
Tuesday morning devotions
Tuesday morning devotions
Join us on ZOOM with your prayers, writings, songs, inspiration from any and all religious traditions, sacred scriptures, humor, and love. We "go around the circle" for those who wish ...
Council Meeting
Council Meeting
The Common Street Council meets on the 1st and 3rd Tuesday of the month at 7pm, and often one other time a month as needed. If you have questions, or ...
5 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Canceled Sacred Stillness – A Midweek Mindfulness Meditation
Canceled Sacred Stillness – A Midweek Mindfulness Meditation
Join Pooja 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗪𝗲𝗱𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗱𝗮𝘆 𝗮𝘁 𝟵 𝗔𝗠 𝗘𝗦𝗧 𝘃𝗶𝗮 𝗭𝗼𝗼𝗺 for a 60-minute guided 𝗺𝗲𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗱𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗺, 𝗰𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗯𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗸. In this sacred space, you’ll ...
A Course in Miracles
A Course in Miracles
A Course in Miracles was channeled by Jesus in the 60's to a Columbia University medical school faculty member, perhaps to help us remember the message he came to teach ...
3 events,
Mohanji Meditations
Mohanji Meditations
The Mohanji Meditation is a powerful heart-opening guided meditation that offers release from binding patterns through love and gratitude. All are welcome. No prior experience necessary.
Men’s Wisdom Council
Men’s Wisdom Council
Men’s Wisdom Council We gather to explore what it means to be a man in today’s world. Society often hands us roles to play but offers little guidance. And the ...
3 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Kirtan: East-West
Kirtan: East-West
A blend of traditional chants with western instrumentation and melodies in a call and response format. An active, effective way to meditate. No previous chanting necessary. All are welcome! Michael ...
2 events,
Intro to Qi Gong
Intro to Qi Gong
Intro to Qi Gong How to cultivate balance in body and mind and improve your life energy (Qi) Time: Saturdays from 8am – 9am Qi Gong is a centuries-old system ...
Bollywood Dance Workout
Bollywood Dance Workout
Whoever said no pain no gain, obviously has never worked out to Bollywood music. Join me for BollyX - Bollywood Dance Workout. Let's dance and workout together to remain healthy, ...
4 events,
Call of Love Yoga
Call of Love Yoga
Experience a gentle, mindful yoga where divine sources of love are channeled into messages that are often in the form of songs, poems, and mudras: hand gestures to help guide ...
Open Circle and Community Brunch
Open Circle and Community Brunch
On the first Sundays of the month, we combine our Open Circle Gathering with a community potluck brunch. We gather and connect in a more relaxed, less structured way, yet ...
Open Circle Gathering
Open Circle Gathering
The Open Circle is a weekly gathering of like-minded spiritual seekers who show up to connect authentically, share our truths, and be held in the space of a growth-oriented and ...
Journey Dance: Shadow Alchemy
Journey Dance: Shadow Alchemy
JourneyDance™: Shadow Alchemy Sunday, April 6, 20253:00 PM – 5:00 PM@The Sanctuary, Common Street Spiritual Center, 13 Common Street, Natick, MA (Free Parking) What if the parts of yourself you’ve ...
6 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Coffee With a Purpose
Coffee With a Purpose
Conversations that Matter. We welcome you to make this part of your week! We gather every Monday morning to hear from guest presenters on various themes of local, national, or ...
Mindful Monday
Mindful Monday
Join us for mindfulness meditation rooted in Buddhist principles of present-moment awareness, compassion, and loving-kindness. Together we will create a supportive space to deepen our meditation practice and cultivate inner ...
Yoga in the Sanctuary
Yoga in the Sanctuary
Yoga is a practice that brings together the mind and body. In fact, yoga means “to yoke” or unite. It is an ancient healing practice that is both physical and ...
Canceled Soulfire Sisterhood
Canceled Soulfire Sisterhood
Soulfire Sisterhood - The Alchemy of Healing & Transformation (Women’s Circle) Every other Monday, 7:00–8:00 PM EST I invite you to a sacred sisterhood—a space to reclaim your energy, reconnect ...
1 event,
Tuesday morning devotions
Tuesday morning devotions
Join us on ZOOM with your prayers, writings, songs, inspiration from any and all religious traditions, sacred scriptures, humor, and love. We "go around the circle" for those who wish ...
5 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Canceled Sacred Stillness – A Midweek Mindfulness Meditation
Canceled Sacred Stillness – A Midweek Mindfulness Meditation
Join Pooja 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗪𝗲𝗱𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗱𝗮𝘆 𝗮𝘁 𝟵 𝗔𝗠 𝗘𝗦𝗧 𝘃𝗶𝗮 𝗭𝗼𝗼𝗺 for a 60-minute guided 𝗺𝗲𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗱𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗺, 𝗰𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗯𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗸. In this sacred space, you’ll ...
A Course in Miracles
A Course in Miracles
A Course in Miracles was channeled by Jesus in the 60's to a Columbia University medical school faculty member, perhaps to help us remember the message he came to teach ...
3 events,
QMMUNITY: Connecting with LGBTQIA+ Neighbors
QMMUNITY: Connecting with LGBTQIA+ Neighbors
Join us as we connect the community of LGBTQIA+ neighbors in Natick and beyond. This is a gathering of LGBTQIA+ neighbors to create a sense of belonging in a time ...
Mohanji Meditations
Mohanji Meditations
The Mohanji Meditation is a powerful heart-opening guided meditation that offers release from binding patterns through love and gratitude. All are welcome. No prior experience necessary.
3 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Divine Design – Ecstatic Dance and Soundbath
Divine Design – Ecstatic Dance and Soundbath
'Divine Design - Ecstatic Dance & Sound Bath' will be held on Friday, April 11th at the Common Street Spiritual Center in Natick, MA! Here are the details... -Doors open ...
3 events,
Intro to Qi Gong
Intro to Qi Gong
Intro to Qi Gong How to cultivate balance in body and mind and improve your life energy (Qi) Time: Saturdays from 8am – 9am Qi Gong is a centuries-old system ...
Bollywood Dance Workout
Bollywood Dance Workout
Whoever said no pain no gain, obviously has never worked out to Bollywood music. Join me for BollyX - Bollywood Dance Workout. Let's dance and workout together to remain healthy, ...
Natick Drum Circle
Natick Drum Circle
Come join in a free-flowing community drum circle with experienced and new drummers. All are welcome. Bring your own drum(s) or borrow one that others bring and place in the ...
2 events,
Call of Love Yoga
Call of Love Yoga
Experience a gentle, mindful yoga where divine sources of love are channeled into messages that are often in the form of songs, poems, and mudras: hand gestures to help guide ...
Open Circle Gathering
Open Circle Gathering
The Open Circle is a weekly gathering of like-minded spiritual seekers who show up to connect authentically, share our truths, and be held in the space of a growth-oriented and ...
4 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Coffee With a Purpose
Coffee With a Purpose
Conversations that Matter. We welcome you to make this part of your week! We gather every Monday morning to hear from guest presenters on various themes of local, national, or ...
Mindful Monday
Mindful Monday
Join us for mindfulness meditation rooted in Buddhist principles of present-moment awareness, compassion, and loving-kindness. Together we will create a supportive space to deepen our meditation practice and cultivate inner ...
Yoga in the Sanctuary
Yoga in the Sanctuary
Yoga is a practice that brings together the mind and body. In fact, yoga means “to yoke” or unite. It is an ancient healing practice that is both physical and ...
2 events,
Tuesday morning devotions
Tuesday morning devotions
Join us on ZOOM with your prayers, writings, songs, inspiration from any and all religious traditions, sacred scriptures, humor, and love. We "go around the circle" for those who wish ...
Council Meeting
Council Meeting
The Common Street Council meets on the 1st and 3rd Tuesday of the month at 7pm, and often one other time a month as needed. If you have questions, or ...
5 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Sacred Stillness – A Midweek Mindfulness Meditation
Sacred Stillness – A Midweek Mindfulness Meditation
Join Pooja 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗪𝗲𝗱𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗱𝗮𝘆 𝗮𝘁 𝟵 𝗔𝗠 𝗘𝗦𝗧 𝘃𝗶𝗮 𝗭𝗼𝗼𝗺 for a 60-minute guided 𝗺𝗲𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗱𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗺, 𝗰𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗯𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗸. In this sacred space, you’ll ...
A Course in Miracles
A Course in Miracles
A Course in Miracles was channeled by Jesus in the 60's to a Columbia University medical school faculty member, perhaps to help us remember the message he came to teach ...
4 events,
Community Dinner, Open House, and Raffle Basket Fund Raiser
Community Dinner, Open House, and Raffle Basket Fund Raiser
Join Us for Our Quarterly Community Dinner, Basket Raffle & Open House Date: Thursday, April 17th Time: 6:00–9:00 PM Location: Common Street Come gather with us for an evening of ...
Mohanji Meditations
Mohanji Meditations
The Mohanji Meditation is a powerful heart-opening guided meditation that offers release from binding patterns through love and gratitude. All are welcome. No prior experience necessary.
Men’s Wisdom Council
Men’s Wisdom Council
Men’s Wisdom Council We gather to explore what it means to be a man in today’s world. Society often hands us roles to play but offers little guidance. And the ...
2 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
3 events,
Intro to Qi Gong
Intro to Qi Gong
Intro to Qi Gong How to cultivate balance in body and mind and improve your life energy (Qi) Time: Saturdays from 8am – 9am Qi Gong is a centuries-old system ...
Bollywood Dance Workout
Bollywood Dance Workout
Whoever said no pain no gain, obviously has never worked out to Bollywood music. Join me for BollyX - Bollywood Dance Workout. Let's dance and workout together to remain healthy, ...
Rite of The Womb
Rite of The Womb
Join us for an empowering and transformative evening at *The Rite of the Womb*, a monthly women’s circle at Natick Spiritual Center. This unique gathering offers a sacred space for ...
3 events,
Call of Love Yoga
Call of Love Yoga
Experience a gentle, mindful yoga where divine sources of love are channeled into messages that are often in the form of songs, poems, and mudras: hand gestures to help guide ...
Open Circle Gathering
Open Circle Gathering
The Open Circle is a weekly gathering of like-minded spiritual seekers who show up to connect authentically, share our truths, and be held in the space of a growth-oriented and ...
Grief and Loss Support Group
Grief and Loss Support Group
An open group that provides a space for all community members to connect with others who have experienced personal loss. Community members are welcome to share their experiences, gain insight ...
6 events,
Early Morning Prayer
Early Morning Prayer
Start your week off in alignment. Early morning prayer and scripture readings in the Christian tradition led by Common Street member Deborah Younger-Mitchell. Currently, the group is studying Psalms for ...
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Coffee With a Purpose
Coffee With a Purpose
Conversations that Matter. We welcome you to make this part of your week! We gather every Monday morning to hear from guest presenters on various themes of local, national, or ...
Mindful Monday
Mindful Monday
Join us for mindfulness meditation rooted in Buddhist principles of present-moment awareness, compassion, and loving-kindness. Together we will create a supportive space to deepen our meditation practice and cultivate inner ...
Yoga in the Sanctuary
Yoga in the Sanctuary
Yoga is a practice that brings together the mind and body. In fact, yoga means “to yoke” or unite. It is an ancient healing practice that is both physical and ...
Canceled Soulfire Sisterhood
Canceled Soulfire Sisterhood
Soulfire Sisterhood - The Alchemy of Healing & Transformation (Women’s Circle) Every other Monday, 7:00–8:00 PM EST I invite you to a sacred sisterhood—a space to reclaim your energy, reconnect ...
1 event,
Tuesday morning devotions
Tuesday morning devotions
Join us on ZOOM with your prayers, writings, songs, inspiration from any and all religious traditions, sacred scriptures, humor, and love. We "go around the circle" for those who wish ...
5 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Sacred Stillness – A Midweek Mindfulness Meditation
Sacred Stillness – A Midweek Mindfulness Meditation
Join Pooja 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗪𝗲𝗱𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗱𝗮𝘆 𝗮𝘁 𝟵 𝗔𝗠 𝗘𝗦𝗧 𝘃𝗶𝗮 𝗭𝗼𝗼𝗺 for a 60-minute guided 𝗺𝗲𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗱𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗺, 𝗰𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗯𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗸. In this sacred space, you’ll ...
A Course in Miracles
A Course in Miracles
A Course in Miracles was channeled by Jesus in the 60's to a Columbia University medical school faculty member, perhaps to help us remember the message he came to teach ...
3 events,
Womens Soulful Soloprenuers Monthly Circle
Womens Soulful Soloprenuers Monthly Circle
A supportive and heart-centered space for women who currently make their living as healers, therapists, coaches, and spiritual entrepreneurs to connect, share, and grow. We meet monthly to support each ...
Mohanji Meditations
Mohanji Meditations
The Mohanji Meditation is a powerful heart-opening guided meditation that offers release from binding patterns through love and gratitude. All are welcome. No prior experience necessary.
3 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Rebirth of the Green Man
Rebirth of the Green Man
Come celebrate the awakening of spring at the Common St. Spiritual Center with the Rebirth of the Green Man. Neo-folk / Electronic musical and theatrical performances from An Adharc: (The ...
4 events,
Intro to Qi Gong
Intro to Qi Gong
Intro to Qi Gong How to cultivate balance in body and mind and improve your life energy (Qi) Time: Saturdays from 8am – 9am Qi Gong is a centuries-old system ...
Bollywood Dance Workout
Bollywood Dance Workout
Whoever said no pain no gain, obviously has never worked out to Bollywood music. Join me for BollyX - Bollywood Dance Workout. Let's dance and workout together to remain healthy, ...
Call of Love Yoga
Call of Love Yoga
Call of Love Yoga Experience a gentle, mindful yoga where Divine sources of Love are channeled into healing messages in the form of songs, poems, and mudras: hand gestures to ...
SpiritDrum
SpiritDrum
WHAT: SpiritDrum WHEN: Every 4th Saturday monthly, 7:00pm to 9:00pm WHERE: Common Street Spiritual Center, 13 Common Street, Natick MA, 3rd floor HOW MUCH: $10 per person (cash/check/venmo/paypal) WHO / ...
2 events,
Open Circle Gathering
Open Circle Gathering
The Open Circle is a weekly gathering of like-minded spiritual seekers who show up to connect authentically, share our truths, and be held in the space of a growth-oriented and ...
Community Amidst Chaos
Community Amidst Chaos
In this time of political uncertainty, where our values are being contradicted in shocking ways, we are calling our community together. Together let’s gather to share our pain and find ...
4 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Coffee With a Purpose
Coffee With a Purpose
Conversations that Matter. We welcome you to make this part of your week! We gather every Monday morning to hear from guest presenters on various themes of local, national, or ...
Mindful Monday
Mindful Monday
Join us for mindfulness meditation rooted in Buddhist principles of present-moment awareness, compassion, and loving-kindness. Together we will create a supportive space to deepen our meditation practice and cultivate inner ...
Yoga in the Sanctuary
Yoga in the Sanctuary
Yoga is a practice that brings together the mind and body. In fact, yoga means “to yoke” or unite. It is an ancient healing practice that is both physical and ...
2 events,
Tuesday morning devotions
Tuesday morning devotions
Join us on ZOOM with your prayers, writings, songs, inspiration from any and all religious traditions, sacred scriptures, humor, and love. We "go around the circle" for those who wish ...
Book Club: The Power of Now
Book Club: The Power of Now
This group would be a good fit for people who follow or are interested in meditation and/or the spiritual teachings of Eckhart Tolle. We will read the book The Power ...
5 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
Sacred Stillness – A Midweek Mindfulness Meditation
Sacred Stillness – A Midweek Mindfulness Meditation
Join Pooja 𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝗪𝗲𝗱𝗻𝗲𝘀𝗱𝗮𝘆 𝗮𝘁 𝟵 𝗔𝗠 𝗘𝗦𝗧 𝘃𝗶𝗮 𝗭𝗼𝗼𝗺 for a 60-minute guided 𝗺𝗲𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗱𝗲𝘀𝗶𝗴𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝘁𝗼 𝗿𝗲𝘀𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗲 𝗰𝗮𝗹𝗺, 𝗰𝗹𝗮𝗿𝗶𝘁𝘆, 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗯𝗮𝗹𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝘁𝗼 𝘆𝗼𝘂𝗿 𝘄𝗲𝗲𝗸. In this sacred space, you’ll ...
A Course in Miracles
A Course in Miracles
A Course in Miracles was channeled by Jesus in the 60's to a Columbia University medical school faculty member, perhaps to help us remember the message he came to teach ...
3 events,
Mohanji Meditations
Mohanji Meditations
The Mohanji Meditation is a powerful heart-opening guided meditation that offers release from binding patterns through love and gratitude. All are welcome. No prior experience necessary.
Men’s Wisdom Council
Men’s Wisdom Council
Men’s Wisdom Council We gather to explore what it means to be a man in today’s world. Society often hands us roles to play but offers little guidance. And the ...
2 events,
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Gentle Jaguar Path Yoga
Jaguar Path yoga incorporates Vinyasa flow postures with a focus on opening the body’s meridians and expanding the Energy Body. This sixty minute all-levels class provides a gentle and complete ...
2 events,
Intro to Qi Gong
Intro to Qi Gong
Intro to Qi Gong How to cultivate balance in body and mind and improve your life energy (Qi) Time: Saturdays from 8am – 9am Qi Gong is a centuries-old system ...
Bollywood Dance Workout
Bollywood Dance Workout
Whoever said no pain no gain, obviously has never worked out to Bollywood music. Join me for BollyX - Bollywood Dance Workout. Let's dance and workout together to remain healthy, ...
3 events,
Call of Love Yoga
Call of Love Yoga
Experience a gentle, mindful yoga where divine sources of love are channeled into messages that are often in the form of songs, poems, and mudras: hand gestures to help guide ...
Open Circle and Community Brunch
Open Circle and Community Brunch
On the first Sundays of the month, we combine our Open Circle Gathering with a community potluck brunch. We gather and connect in a more relaxed, less structured way, yet ...
Open Circle Gathering
Open Circle Gathering
The Open Circle is a weekly gathering of like-minded spiritual seekers who show up to connect authentically, share our truths, and be held in the space of a growth-oriented and ...